a scrum team works on a 4 weeks sprint mcq. Within a Scrum Team, there are no sub-teams or hierarchies. a scrum team works on a 4 weeks sprint mcq

 
 Within a Scrum Team, there are no sub-teams or hierarchiesa scrum team works on a 4 weeks sprint mcq  Are There Any

The Sprint start and end dates are published for e. The Sprint Planning Quiz. The Developers invite external stakeholders to the Sprint Planning to ask them how to turn a. We talked about this in the previous section and said that sprints should last 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter. A Sprint Backlog is more than just a selection of work with an end goal in mind. 2. Source: scrum-tips. In Scrum, the list of detailed tasks, each typically representing 4-16 hours of work, from which team members select tasks to perform is called the Shall list; Task queue; Product backlog; Sprint backlog; In Scrum, a sprint burn-down chart tracks The progress of a sprint, in terms of the estimated amount of effort remaining to complete it. With each sprint, more and more work of the project gets completed and reviewed. Jerald is a leader of TCS customer account…. The fundamental unit of Scrum is a small team of people, a Scrum Team. C. Without that component there won’t be enough work in the next Sprint to occupy the full team. Working on a six-month-long project can get tedious and leave Agile team members feeling like they’re not making any. The Sprint Backlog is a plan by and for the Developers. 12 • 4. Using this approach, parts of the overall end deliverable are usable even before the end product is complete. A scrum team should contain resources who have T-Shaped skills, meaning _____ ? (choose one) They should have a broad ability to work everywhere but should have deep knowledge in their specialty. Even being on 2 Scrum teams dramatically lowers the amount of working time someone has during a Sprint. A clear sprint backlog prevents scope creep by clarifying exactly what your team will be doing—and not doing—during each sprint. an opportunity for the Scrum Team to pre-plan next Sprint before the Sprint Planning an opportunity for the Scrum Team to inspect team performance an opportunity for the Scrum Team to inspect itself and create a plan for improvements. Agile framework: Scrum and kanban. Adopt practices. Sprint planning. This is the perfect case for a Scrum team. Sprints in Scrum can be as long as you want; however, it's most common for sprint length to be between 1 and 4 weeks. Each day of the Sprint is equivalent to 8 hours. The team works 7 hours per day = ideal hours = 7*10 = 70 hours per 2-week Sprint per developer. agile-methodology-mcq. Multiple Choice. The three Scrum roles are: Product owner. A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. Daily scrum: 15 minutes each day. Sprint Review. That is, if a Sprint with a timebox of 4 weeks has a timebox of 8 hours for Sprint Planning, a Sprint of 2 weeks would have a timebox. (for example: sprint review is for 4 hours for 4 weeks sprint and for. optimize team collaboration and performance through inspection of progress, and forecast upcoming Sprint work. Who should be present to review and adjust the Product Backlog items selected?(choose the best answer) A) The Developers. For example, if your sprint is 2 weeks long, the sprint planning event should last no longer than 4 hours. On a long-running project, either approach can work. Agile is flexible and focuses on team leadership. Usually, teams have a fixed time frame for their sprint (ranging from 1 to 4 weeks), so the sprint planning date can. ‘Developer’ in Scrum means anyone doing the work regardless of whether you’re a tester, analyst or UX or whatever you are. Sprint planning. A Scrum team for a medical software company took all of the user stories in their product backlog and arranged them on the wall according to how important the functionality is to a successful product. A Sprint is a timebox - it has a fixed start and a fixed end. However, it’s important to note that the sprint backlog is a forecast, not a guarantee. The Sprint Review is more than just a Demo. 2. As a self-organized team, choose to ignore the unit testing A visible chart depicting the work to be done, work in progress and work done. 4 weeks, the average Scrum project lasts for 4. Throughout the sprint, the Scrum team meets for a daily Scrum to check in with one another and report on what work was. Each ceremony plays an important role in driving outputs and delivering value within the software development lifecycle (SDLC). 14 – A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. Its task is to divide the workflow into small iterations. Realizing the Scrum framework and the basics of Agile. The Development Team invites external people to the Sprint Planning to ask them how to turn a Product Backlog item into an Increment via a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog. There are three main roles in Scrum: Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Scrum Team. Just as in agile planning, this is called the product backlog. It is also a plan for how that goal will be achieved, and how the associated work will be performed. To reduce complexity, it is held at the same time and place every working day of. Lee notices that the project must produce an outcome that will be highly adopted by the user to become successful. A. Cross-functional teams have all competencies needed to accomplish the work without depending on others not part of the team. D. When your staff is ready to begin a new sprint, you initiate the project with a sprint planning meeting. In Scrum, a sprint is a fixed-length period of time (usually 1–4 weeks). New : Scrum Team A and Scrum Team B are working on the same Product. Answer: There are 3 main roles in a scrum: Scrum Master: Helps facilitate the scrum process and events. Sprint 1 - Capacity: 400 hours / Actual Velocity: 50. 1. As a self-organized team, choose to ignore the unit testingThe three scrum roles describe the key responsibilities for those on the scrum team. g a 4 week sprint could be Monday Jan 13 to Friday Feb 7. Stakeholders attend the Daily Scrum to check on the Scrum Team's progress. A sprint is a short space of time. 2. After newSprints, the team finds that they spend more effort Unit testing is not fun anyway. Hardening sprint: The Scrum Team decides to have a hardening or clean-up sprint. Thus, it’s so important that the Sprint Planning meeting isn’t an unloading of orders. We can then incorporate these learnings into the product. Minimal 7. A sprint is a fixed period of time when a team works towards specific deliverables. So, Sprint is a defined period of time during which the Scrum Team performs work required to fulfill the Sprint Goal. A Scrum Team is currently using 3-week Sprints. Incremental delivery replaces a detailed plan with a vision, which allows the team to learn more information through the delivery of an increment each Sprint. starting more work. What can be. As a best practice, scrum says that for a 4 weeks sprint, Sprint Planning should last for 8 hours. Every few weeks, the team chooses a few items from the backlog they’ll work on during the next sprint. We currently work in 1 week sprints but have deployments every 2 weeks. Misconception # 1: The minimum duration of the Sprint is one week. The Sprint Review is a working session and the Scrum Team should avoid limiting it to a presentation. Daily Scrum. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter. This set of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) covers the core concepts and principles of Scrum, making it a valuable resource for anyone looking to enhance their understanding. Scrum team works 4 weeks sprint…. The Scrum Master must assign tasks to individuals. Scrum artifacts. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter. PO driven. The Scrum Master supports the development team in delivering high quality products. 5. After new Unit testing is not fun anyway. 67. 0 multiplied by 2 which gives you a 6 hour maximum time box. A sprint retrospective is a ceremony that is conducted during a sprint window to. Q. It outlines a lot of specific deliverables — or artifacts — and. Two minutes per person 15 minutes 2 ms No time box 0 30 minutes A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. Make sure that in every planning session you review the backlog in its entirety, identify the urgent tasks, and only include tasks in each sprint that fit your team’s available capacity. Sprint Planning. Planning the next sprint then becomes as simple as selecting about the same amount of work. A Sprint is a time-box, usually 1-4 weeks, during which a product increment is created. The team has just enough time to complete all tasks in the remaining 16 hours with the exception ofthree tasks. The Sprint Review is a working session and the Scrum Team should avoid limiting it to a presentation. I’ve been fortunate enough to have enjoyed a great Scrum career and, as I look back over the past two decades plus, I note that there is one thing, more than. Sprints. Save. The goal of this activity is to inspect and improve the process. 14 – A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. In my opinion, a 6-hour Sprint Planning session for a 2-week sprint is not in violation of the Scrum Guide, or any of its recommendations. - Lee joins a project team that attempts to build a consumer device with embedded software. What can be BEST recommended for this team? Select the correct option(s) and click Submit. The length of most Scrum events is related to the length of the sprint. The interval to test via self-assessment is every 4–12 weeks, with teams of lesser fluency running their tests at the lower end of. This is called a time-box — a period set aside to achieve a task. Scrum team works 4 weeks sprint. As a self-organized team, choose to ignore the unit testingHere’s how they work. Scrum - All MCQs. Sprint backlog items are what the team will (hopefully) accomplish over the course of the sprint. Management indicates they need more frequent status updates. Product Owner explains which items are “Done” and which items are not “Done”. Scrum is focused on the backlog while Kanban on dashboard. A duration of sprint can vary depending on the project’s specifics and can take from 1 to 4. 29. It’s the most commonly used Agile methodology, with 81 percent of Agile adopters using Scrum or a Scrum-related hybrid, according to a 2021 Digital. A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. Tip 1: Don’t Skip the Retrospective. Sprint: a time interval defined in a project in which a team has to provide a previously planned part of the software. After every Sprint Review, the Product Owner keeps changing the Product vision and makes contradictory. A Typical Sprint, Play-By-Play. This post analyses two types of work a Scrum Team typically undertakes: Sprint work and Refinement. Scrum emphasizes obtaining a working product at the. Each team uses the first part of Sprint Review (say 40 minutes for a 2 week sprint worth of stories) to get detailed feedback from their own “small circle” of mandated users/accepters – this is a small group of 4-6 people with whom the team and Product Owner works with closely for both Backlog and user story level refinement and. The Scrum Guide is pretty clear on this: you don't extend sprints. This is a team effort that involves the Product Owner and the Developers. The start of a working week is a natural time to plan, so the Sprint Planning event feels natural here. Sprints (also known as iterations) A sprint is a time period of usually two to three weeks that's used to group work items to be completed during that time period. Scrum. The team meets every day to review their progress and adjust the steps needed to complete the remaining work. See Page 1. The team can rapidly develop the prototype, adding substantial new features each sprint, while business users can watch in real-time fast progress and how the idea is built from scratch within just about 10 sprints. Two minutes per person. Scrum is a process framework primarily used in agile software development. We will discuss each of these three principles below. First. Start on the first day of the working week. 4. The main goal is developing the scope of work to be performed. We start with a simple premise: the Scrum Guide, a compass for. The Scrum Master's support for the Development Team. Unlike XP, which enables the introduction of new features. A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. At the end of a sprint, if there is incomplete work: "All incomplete Product Backlog Items are re-estimated and put back on the Product Backlog. 3-3-5 5-5-3 Two minutes per person 15 minutes First29 The time box for a Daily Scrum is. Since Scrum is an empirical process, the notion of small batch sizes (short sprints) is based on the Theory of. A Scrum team is made up of three roles: the Scrum Master, the product owner, and the development team. However, it also changes based on the sprint timeframe. Agile has iterations of ? 3. The first phrase: 'Amount of work' is deliberately neutral on the subject of how you measure. How: In 2 parts. Empiricism - A fundamental for scrum and agile approaches the idea that the best way of planning is to do work and learn from it. During the sprint, the Scrum team works to complete a set of tasks from the product backlog, which is a prioritized list of work items. In fact, a one-week sprint is recommended as the ideal length for a sprint. Q #2) What is the scrum of scrums? Answer: Suppose there are 7 teams working on a project and each team has 7. I always say that Product Owner should drive the process of choosing the length of the Sprint. I found this question in a Scrum exam preparation book. It also means that the Sprint Review and Sprint Retrospective can occur at the end of the working week bringing the Sprint. an objective that will be met within the Sprint through the implementation of the Product. Another point, while the days themselves may not exactly match, going with "calendar month" adds another sprint length option that # of days or weeks doesn't allow. They set their sprint goal together with a Product Owner and plan their work in a sprint backlog. In terms of sprint planning, it should last 2 times the length of the sprint (in hours). Edit. The product owner, scrum master, and development team work together to choose the relevant work items for a sprint. From creating one source. During Sprint Execution, the Scrum Master, development team, and Product Owner should be present. They aren’t job titles. 5. You could do them on monday afternoon and retro on thursday but still have the sprint start and end on Monday and Friday. View full document. Unit testing is not fun anyway. Sprints encourage predictability and rapid learning. Agile. On an average, a scrum sprint ends in 4 weeks. Sprint review. Traditional project. I get why people think this. The alternative practice may be to normalize the velocity on per-week basis, but it seems a needless and complex exercise if the Scrum sprints are kept at the same length. 5. A sprint is a fixed-length iteration of work that typically lasts between one and four weeks. As a self-organized team,. The team gives a demo on the product and will determine what are finished and what aren’t. Typically, for a four-week sprint this meeting should last eight hours. It’s recommended to run 2–4 week sprints. The Scrum master facilitates sprint planning, however, the product owner is responsible for the sprint goal and provides clarification to the team regarding requirements and business goals and objectives. Sprint planning is also more than creating a sprint goal (The Why) and deciding what product backlog item (PBI) will be worked on (The What). 1. An important goal of the Daily Scrum is to help a self-organizing team better manage the ow of its work during sprint execution. Final answer: A scrum team works on a 4-week sprint and evaluates their progress after a few sprints. - Sprint backlog - 24 hours / Sprint 2-4 weeks - Potentially shippable product increment. In my team we spend, with 8 developers and an iteration length of 3 weeks, 1,5 hours a week on backlog refinement. Explanation: A scrum team works on a 4-week sprint, which means they have a fixed duration of 4 weeks to. After few Sprints, the team finds that they spend more effort on unit. The SAFe Scrum Cycle. 1) When the organization is known to have a release cadence of one month, and half of the two-week sprints would therefore not be potentially releasable. Stakeholders attend the Daily Scrum to check progress and work with the Scrum Master to optimize the functional scope for the Sprint. You have to select the right answer to a question to check your final. Sprint Backlog. It requires real-time communication of capacity and full transparency of work. should work be allocated to the team in a Scrum project. A sustainable pace means? A. Scrum master acts as a problem solver. The Scrum Master Salary Report 2023. Choice-3: Changes are expected and welcomed by Scrum team. 7. It organizes teams of specialists to collaborate and work efficiently across multiple disciplines. Ans: Professional Scrum Master I (PSM I) Q. Typically, for a four-week sprint this meeting should last eight hours. Timebox the Sprint Planning event. Free Ebook: 73 Scrum Master Interview Questions to Identify Suitable Candidates. Sprint reviews: Participate in the meeting and capture feedback. Only the last day of the Sprint, a Scrum Team named AlmostDone is ready to show their work but requires just 2 days to complete the testing what should the Scrum Master recommend? Extend the Sprint by two days so that the. The Scrum Master is accountable for the event and makes sure that the team members understand its purpose. A Scrum team is made up of three roles: the Scrum Master, the product owner, and the development team. Unlike in sport, scrum encourages you to be always sprinting so you can deliver working software. Scrum is one of the agile methodologies designed to guide teams in the iterative and incremental delivery of a product. Together, they work to set sprint goals, determine how the work will be completed, and align on next steps. Having a dedicated tester on a team that just tests and does nothing else creates a bottleneck. 08:04 am June 26, 2014 Hi, How do you think, what could be the primary reason why a team might choose to work with 4 weeks sprints. In the sprint planning meeting, the scrum team collaborates to plan the work for the current sprint. That means they must end on the day before that. Thanks, Adrian. A “good” Sprint Length, then, has to be long enough to produce results, but short enough to limit risk. A common approach forScrum Team members, Sprint or event dates, Definition of “Done,” A burndown chart (progress and work remaining over time), A parking lot (topics for future discussion). This approach is arguably sub-optimal, but has two key benefits: It accommodates inflexible company policies about scheduling, work weeks, or delivery targets. For starters, you can book a longer timebox, maybe between 9 am and 12 pm for the Sprint Planning. Sprint Planning is a Scrum ceremony that initiates a new sprint. After new Sprints, the team finds that they spend more effort on unit testing, as the code base size has increased. Let's start with a brief definition of each: Product owner – holds the vision for the product. 3) When the Development Team cannot commit to. Working together as a team towards a common goal is a skill that needs to be learned. A _____ is usually not necessary to the Scrum method, because Scrum implies that team members work as a self- directed group. Sprint planning sessions are meetings where scrum teams plan how they’ll execute the work that’s needed to develop a product or complete a project. Principles • 4,10 • 6, 12 • 4. I mentioned that. sprint). Lunch . A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. Development Team B. Sprints are time-boxed periods where a Scrum teams work to complete certain aspects of a project. 1. Sprint : Sprint is a short-term period in which the Scrum team works to complete a certain amount of work. They start the day with a Sprint. There are just three roles in Scrum: Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers. Here is a 4 week Sprint with 8 hour Sprint Planning sessions. C. A Scrum Team works on a 4 weeks Sprint. One of the most important things we can do to help individuals and teams improve is coach them to embrace the agile mindset. Standups: Facilitate daily standups (or the daily scrum) as needed. It is a high level planning meeting. Each team leads its own particular scrum meeting. This Agile Methodology MCQ Test contains 20+ Agile Methodology Multiple Choice Questions. Who are the attendees of scrum sprint planning meeting? A. As a self-organized team, choose to ignore the unit testing. " This does not have to mean that the sprint was unsuccessful, as per the Scrum Guide: "If the Development Team. Work overtime B). That means the meeting shouldn't take more than 2-4 hours for a two-week sprint. The complexity of the project will determine the sprint. Scrum master. The team, including the Scrum master and product owner, reviews what went well during the sprint and what could be improved in an effort to continuously analyze and optimize the process. Sprint planning is one of the five events of the scrum framework. The term "scrum master" refers to the one person in charge of a scrum team. Summary: Agile scrum artifacts are information that a scrum team and stakeholders use to detail the product being developed, actions to produce it, and the actions performed during the project. 00:06. Within every sprint, the scrum team will attend. Sprint review: 4 hours for a one. Use a 15 minute daily Scrum meeting to stay on track and keep up the progress. Owns quality in a scrum team? Ans: scrum team. The Amount of work A Scrum Team Gets Done Within a Sprint. Completed sprint. The development team members decide the most ideal way to meet the Sprint goal. if sprint planning of. Using the maximum allotted timeboxes per the Scrum Guide, in a 4 week / 1 month Sprint, assuming that each Scrum Team member participates in all events, each person would spend at most 8 hours in Sprint Planning, between 4. This article gives a short and brief introduction of the Scrum framework. B. To help team members stay focused,. This helps work planning for the next twenty-four hours and provides an assessment of work performed, ensuring productivity. When you're first trying to get used to this, it helps to count off the working days, remembering that there are 5/10/15/20 days in a 1/2/3/4 week sprint. Thus, the development team brings in fewer Product Backlog Items from the beginning when working in shorter iterations. Which of the following are the responsibilities of a Scrum master role in agile methodology? Scrum master is a team leader. There’s a 4 sprint rule relating that teams usually adapt to the new Scrum practice in four sprints. The sprint backlog is a list of tasks identified by the Scrum team to be completed during the Scrum sprint. Within a Scrum Team, there are no sub-teams or hierarchies. Sure that means your sprints will fluctuate between 30 and 31 days mostly and then Feb comes in and it's only 28 days. It depends on the complexity of the project and the amount of code that is to be written during the sprint. Note that the Scrum Guide speaks of an Increment the minute a PBI meets the Definition of Done. It is often somewhere between 2-6 weeks. Up until now, we were mostly working on prototype projects not requiring any testing but one of our MVPs is gaining traction and we've started implementing unit testing as part of our. It is also about creating the plan for creating those PBIs (The How). right before the sprint planning. Also, there’s lots of other things you could be doing. Practice these MCQs to test and. During a Sprint, a Developer determines that the Scrum Team will not be able to complete the items in their forecast. Sprint Planning is essential to set the pace of work. Sprint Planning is an important element of the Agile methodology. Thus, the sprint review is a critical event in Scrum that allows. g. If the moment of inertia of a uniform cube of mass M and side L about an edge of the cube is NmL²/6 find N. Scrum is a process framework primarily used in agile software development. More on that later. C. Scrum Master and Impediments. The scrum master is tasked with ensuring that the scrum team works in a transparent way. 27 Sprints, the team finds that. Q. What can be BEST recommended for this team? Select the correct option(s) and click Submit. The team is adopting 2-week sprint. The definition of sprint in Scrum is quite simple. The 5 Scrum ceremonies explained. For a 1 week sprint, it should last no more than 2 hours. They set their sprint goal together with a Product Owner and plan their work in a sprint backlog. Scrum is an Iterative and Incremental approach to developing software. One way to organize a Sprint Planning is: The Product Owner introduces the business objective for the new Sprint. 1) Done Increment is not releasable. Sprint Retrospective. Reasoning. These 3 roles are as follows:It’s recommended to run 2–4 week sprints. Sprint Planning Meeting: Attendees: Development team, Scrum Master, and Product Owner; When: At the beginning of the sprint. By timeboxing sprints, teams are more aware of timelines. Scrum, a type of project management methodology, has many fans. The plans and work which are transparent and can be inspected allowing for future adaptation; Each artifact has its own Commitment which helps the team understand if they are making progress Scrum’s artifacts represent work or value. The Scrum Teams are self-organizing and cross-functional: Self-organizing teams choose how best to accomplish their work, rather than being directed by others outside the team. It is continuous process to create actionable product backlogs. Sprint length should be appropriately based on average task length (e. In a Scrum Sprint, an assembled development team works on a clear goal to complete a piece of incremental and usable code over the course of a period of time, typically less than one month. No Mid-Sprint. Frequency: end of each sprint, typically every 1–4 weeks. Goal. Scrum teams estimate work in either story points or time-based estimates. In terms of events, the Sprint Planning is the first event and the Sprint Retrospective is the last. Within every sprint, the scrum team will attend specific events/ceremonies and manage the artifacts while delivering the actual shippable product. For most teams, a sprint is either one or two weeks. In short, the entire Scrum team, meaning the product owner, Scrum master, and developers. The pace at which the Scrum Team releases project deliverables. The sprint review is an informal meeting which the development team, the scrum master, the product owner and the stakeholders will attend. Sprint commitment refers to the team’s agreement to complete the items on the Sprint Backlog within the sprint. Of course, we can’t say, “Oh,no problem, just put it on the top of the backlog, and we’ll have the system back up by the time the next Sprint ends in 4 weeks. During Daily Scrum, the members will discuss the work completed the previous day, the planned work for the next day and issues faced during a sprint. Velocity is the average amount of work a scrum team completes during a sprint, measured in either story points or hours, and is very useful for forecasting. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter. Sprint plans are often used in technology. What can be BEST recommended for this team? Unit testing is not fun anyway. The duration of the Sprint is timeboxed to a maximum of one month, establishing a cadence within which the Scrum team works together to deliver value. READ ON BELOW. - Scrum Guide, Page 15. The Product Owner’s job is to optimize the Development Team’s work by ensuring the Backlog is the best Backlog it can be (i. a three-week sprint should ideally have a meeting limit of six hours; a two-week sprint will ideally have a limit of four hours. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using Scrum?D-) Ask Rick in the next daily standup meeting why he did not share this approach with the team. It’s the most commonly used. The Sprint Review is a place to discuss the marketplace changes, examine the completed Sprint as an event, update the release schedule, discuss the Product Backlog and the possible focus for the next Sprint. Anything not supporting the sprint goal is not in focus. e. Benefits of a shorter sprint: There are fewer interruptions; people are less likely. So that the Scrum Team can recognize for the next Sprint. Vildana E. See Page 1. Advertisement Advertisement New questions in CBSE BOARD XII. Then the estimated velocity for the next sprint should be 48. Scrum teams usually define a short duration of a Sprint up to 4 weeks. Choice-4: All of the given answers. With longer and flexible sprints, you can’t be sure of completing twice the amount of work if the one-week sprint period is extended up to two weeks. Daily scrum Definition and purpose. The purpose of the Sprint Review meeting is for the team to show the customers and stakeholders the work they have. Purpose: A sprint review is a time to showcase the work of the. Developers are. After new Unit testing is not fun anyway. The Development Team tracks this total work remaining at least for every Daily Scrum to project the likelihood of achieving the Sprint Goal. 12- Keep stakeholders abiding by rules (Stakeholders should know and follow the rules) (Status are only available at the end of the spring) 13- For example, only inspecting an increment at the Sprint Review. Agile is an __________ of software development methodology. In other words, a sort of rhythm/pace gets developed/established. Hopefully, you won’t have to deal with two problems above, which means that your team can work productively in two-week sprints. It leaves a strong impression (which is the main target of the POC anyway), but it has also. On an average, a scrum sprint ends in 4 weeks. The Sprint is a container of all other events. Not usually recommended, but also not totally unheard of.